Bethlehem is one of the major cities in Bethlehem region located in the north of the province, at 10 km to the south of the old city of Jerusalem, 73 Kilometres north of the Mediterranean Sea, and 75 Kilometres west of Amman. It is situated on a mountainous site at 772 m above sea level. Nearby cities and towns include Beit Safafa and Jerusalem to the north, Beit Jala to the northwest, Husan to the west, al-Khadr and Artas to the southwest, and Beit Sahour to the east. Aida and Azza refugee camps are located within the city limits.

In the center of Bethlehem is its old city. The old city consists of eight quarters, laid out in a mosaic style, forming the area around the Manger Square. The quarters include the Christian an-Najajreh, al-Farahiyeh, al-Anatreh, al-Tarajmeh, al-Qawawsa and Hreizat, and al-Fawaghreh — the only Muslim quarter. Most Christian quarters are named after the Arab Ghassanid clans that settled there. Al-Qawawsa Quarter was formed by Arab Christian emigrants from the nearby town of Tuqu' in the 18th century. There is also a Syriac quarter outside the old city, whose inhabitants originate from Midyat and Ma'asarte in Turkey. The total population of the old city is about 5,000.

In addition to its religious significance, Bethlehem Governorate is home to a thriving Palestinian community, offering a unique blend of traditional and modern Palestinian culture. Visitors can explore ancient historical sites, such as the Church of the Nativity and the Herodium, while also experiencing the warmth and hospitality of the local people. Bethlehem Governorate is not only a spiritual center but a place where history, culture, and the Palestinian identity converge, making it a captivating destination for travelers and a symbol of resilience in the region.

Source (Wikipedia)